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Research Guides

Take Me There: Maps and Books from Old Japan: 07

This page is a guide to the exhibit which display Books, manuscripts and maps published in Japan's Tokugawa Period (1603-1868) that came to light and are were cataloged during the Tateuchi Retrospective Cataloging project in the East Asia Library.

07

Sangoku tsūran zusetsu
Hayashi Shihei

Japan : Copier not identified, ca. 1792
1 v., 28 cm. + 5 maps
Manuscript copy

East Asia Library Collection
DS514.3 .H39

 

“Sangoku tsūran zusetsu” is a geography book written in 1785 about Korea, Ryūkyū (present-day Okinawa), Ezo (present-day Hokkaidō), and Ogasawara Island from the point of view of national defense. In addition to this volume, it also contains maps of the regions mentioned above. Together with “Kaikoku heidan” published in the following year, “Sangoku tsūran zusetsu” was considered as a dangerous book that threatened the seclusion policy of the Tokugawa shogunate. In 1792, the shogunate confiscated the book and the printing block and ordered Hayashi confined to his brother’s house in Sendai. Later, he was imprisoned in Edo. He died in obscurity the following year.
Even under the strict regulation of the shogunate, people hand-copied the book that escaped confiscation one by one and Hayashi’s book continued to circulate. The one in the East Asia Library Collection is an example of one of these manuscript copies. This effort faithfully reproduces the original five-color printed book. 

Hayashi Shihei

An intellectual in the late Tokugawa period, Hayashi is also known by his given name of Tomonao. While interacting with scholars of Rangaku (the Western science and humanities) in Edo such as Hoshū Katsuragawa, Hayashi visited Nagasaki and understood the effects of international affairs impacting Japan. He fully realized the need for a national defense and aspired to study geography and military science after he became aware of the southward advance of Russian colonial policy from the chief trader of the Dutch East India Company in Japan at that time.

07

三國通覽圖說 (さんごくつうらんずせつ)
林子平

日本: 書写者不明, ca. 1792
1 v., 28 cm. +地図 5 葉
写本・写図

東アジア図書館所蔵
DS514.3 .H39

 

1785 年、国防の見地から朝鮮・ 琉球・蝦夷(えぞ)・小笠原諸島について著した地理書。本巻に加え日本及び上記地域の地図からなる。翌年出版された『海国兵談 (かいこくへいだん)』と共に、徳川幕府の鎖国政策を揺るがす危険の書とみなされる。1792 年幕府は、本と板木を没収、林子平に仙台の兄宅での蟄居を命じた後、囚人として江戸に収監。翌年、不遇のうちに没。 この幕府の取締まりにもかかわらず、子平の著作は辛うじて没収を逃れた本をもとに、一つ一つ手で写し取られ流布し続ける。東アジア図書館所蔵本もこうした写本の一つ。五色刷り印刷本を忠実に再現している。

林子平 (はやし しへい)

徳川後期の経世家(けいせいか)。名は友直(ともなお)。桂川甫周(かつらがわほしゅう)ら江戸の蘭学者と交遊する一方、長崎に遊学、日本を取り巻く国際情勢を知る。特に当時のオランダ商館長からロシアの南下政策を聞き、国防の必要を痛感、地理学・兵学に志す。

三國通覽圖說 (Sangoku tsūran zusetsu)

Bibliography (引用・参考文献リスト)

秋月俊幸. (1999). 日本北辺の探検と地図の歴史. 札幌市 : 北海道大学図書刊行会. pp. 144-149. DS806.4 .A55 1999

林子平. (2001-2014). In 日本大百科全書. 東京 : 小学館. Retrieved on May 1, 2014 from http://alliance-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/UW:TN_japanknow1001000190534

開国百年記念文化事業会 (Ed.). (1953). 鎖国時代日本人の海外知識. 東京 : 乾元社. pp.31-32. Z3308.A39 K3 cop.2

京都大学附属図書館 (Ed.). (1998). 2. 蝦夷地の地理像と新訂万国全図. In 日本の西方・日本の北方 : 古地図が示す世界認識 : 室賀コレクション古地図展. Retrieved on March 1, 2014 from http://edb.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/exhibit/muroga/ezochi.html

Laver, M. (2011). The Sakoku Edicts and the Politics of Ttokugawa Hegemony. Amherst, NY: Cambria Press. DS871.7 .L38 2011

奈良本辰也 (Ed.). (1976). 近世政道論. 東京 : 岩波書店. B5240 .N5 v. 38

小学館. (2001-2014). 三国通覧図説. In 日本大百科全書. 東京 : 小学館. Retrieved on May 1, 2014 from http://alliance-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/UW:TN_japanknow1001000101940

島尻勝太郎, 中村栄孝, 谷川健一 (Eds.). (1981). 日本庶民生活史料集成 (Vol. 30). 東京 : 三一書房. (DS821 .N6793 v. 30

山本饒 (Ed.). (1943-). 林子平全集. (Vols. 1-3). 東京 : 生活社. U101 .H37 1943

Yonemoto, M. (2003). Narrating Japan. In Mapping Early Modern Japan : Space, Place, and Culture in the Tokugawa Period, 1603-1868. Berkeley ; Los Angeles: University of California Press. DS822.2 .Y665 2003 ; Available from Project Muse UPCC ebooks web sitehttps://muse.jhu.edu.offcampus.lib.washington.edu/books/9780520928305/